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- <text id=91TT0265>
- <title>
- Feb. 04, 1991: Saddam's Republican Guards
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1991
- Feb. 04, 1991 Stalking Saddam
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE GULF WAR, Page 24
- Saddam's Republican Guards
- </hdr><body>
- <p> There are at least two ways to recognize a member of Iraq's
- Republican Guards. The first is the triangular red and gold
- patch worn on his uniform's shoulders. The second is more
- subtle but just as telling: a Republican Guard tends to look
- healthier than a regular soldier. No wonder: the guards are
- paid about 300 dinars a month (roughly $900)--double the
- wages of an ordinary conscript--and are pampered with such
- perks as free housing and free cars.
- </p>
- <p> With more than 100,000 men, the Guards make up about a fifth
- of the 555,000-man Iraqi army. But they are the best trained,
- the best equipped and the most highly motivated of all Iraqi
- forces. They are well outfitted with Soviet T-72M tanks,
- self-propelled 155-mm and 120-mm mortars and long-range guns.
- They also have Soviet antiaircraft missiles, and can fill the
- skies with antiaircraft flak when attacked. Six of the Guard's
- nine core divisions are spread in an arc along Kuwait's
- northern border with Iraq, while one remains in Baghdad to
- protect Saddam's Baathist government. Their importance to
- Pentagon planners has been apparent since the second day of the
- war, when they began absorbing massive air strikes.
- </p>
- <p> The Guards, first organized in the late 1950s, became Saddam
- Hussein's creation in the 1970s, when they were commissioned
- to serve as his bodyguards. His original recruits for the Guard
- units were from his hometown of Tikrit in northern Iraq, and
- today the Guards' titular head is Hussein Kamel Hassan, 37,
- Saddam's son-in-law.
- </p>
- <p> Saddam Hussein converted the Guard into a full-fledged
- fighting force during the eight-year war with Iran. Guard
- troops sustained heavy losses in 1986-87, but then became
- national heroes in 1988, when they penetrated a curtain of
- shell fire and were instrumental in the recapture from Iran of
- the Fao peninsula, the engagement that broke the back of the
- Iranian war effort and persuaded the Ayatullah's men to sue for
- peace.
- </p>
- <p> Since the Iran-Iraq war ended in 1988, Guard ranks have been
- reinforced with the best troops from other units, all combat
- veterans. The Guards are among the "most formidable fighting
- men in the Third World," according to Richard Jupa, co-author
- of an upcoming article on the Guards for Army magazine. Jupa
- doubts that they can be defeated from the air. "They can
- disperse their brigades and dig in deeply," he says. "They are
- expert at decoys." Jupa predicts that even after heavy air
- bombardment, the Guards will put up a ferocious, if brief,
- fight in any ground war that follows.
- </p>
- <p> There is another reason, however, why the allies should fear
- the Guards: they specialize in bombarding the enemy with
- poisonous gas. According to Jupa, nerve and cyanide gases were
- used to help win the battle at the Fao peninsula, and each
- Guard brigade has a company of chemical-weapons specialists.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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